Will Russian Sanctions Mean Higher Inflation?

Stocks continued their decline last week as metals rallied strongly.  While many analysts blame the rising geopolitical tensions for the decline in stocks and the rise in gold and silver prices, the reality is that stocks went into calendar year 2022 extremely overvalued, and metals were undervalued in light of the massive currency creation that has been taking place over the past couple of years.

          Moving ahead, I expect more upside for metals as central banks around the world continue to create currency despite their talk to the contrary.  Past guest on my radio program, Mr. Alasdair Macleod put it this way in his excellent article this week (Source:  https://www.goldmoney.com/research/goldmoney-insights/when-normality-is-exposed-as-a-ponzi) (emphasis added):

Today, this is the situation with the whole fiat hypothesis. It has been going in its current form since 1971, when President Nixon took the dollar off from the Bretton Woods fig leaf of a gold standard. With a few ups and downs since now we have all bought into the dollar-based fiat Ponzi. Everyone committed to it not only “sincerely wants to be rich” but believes we can be without having to work for it.

Since the 1980s the currency Ponzi was bankrolled by the expansion of bank credit aimed at consumers and their housing until the Lehman crisis. Since then, it has been financed by central bank QE, credit expansion, and the odd helicopter drop. Today, in the wake of covid lockdowns central banks are scrambling to keep the illusion alive by printing currency even more aggressively while screwing down interest rates and bond yields.

Meanwhile, the political class has become complacent. For them, their central banks will continue to fund the state’s excess spending while maintaining monetary and financial stability. And one can easily imagine that in dealing with matters of state, central banks are no longer consulted; their support is simply assumed.

          The Federal Reserve and other world central banks that are now indirectly monetizing deficit spending cannot end loose monetary policies until government spending is reined in; an event that is highly improbable at this time.

          We are living in an interesting time, to say the least.  Stocks and bonds are in a bubble.  Regardless of the reason given for the decline in stocks by the pundits, overvalued assets eventually return to their real value.

          The stock and bond bubbles have been created by the fiat currency bubble.  Or, as Mr. Macleod describes it, the fiat currency Ponzi scheme.  Mr. Macleod also points out that this fiat currency Ponzi scheme may be about to be exposed.  Here is another excerpt from his terrific article (which I would encourage you to read in its entirety by clicking the link to the article above):

Now we face an aggressive Russia. In the West it is unwisely assumed that America, the EU, UK, and their allies can just shut Russia down by isolating it from international financing facilities. By denying access to Western currencies at the central bank level, they believe that the Russian economy will be ruined rapidly. The rouble is rubble and prices are rising. ATMs are empty and bank runs are everywhere. Putin will be forced to give in in a matter of days, or a week or two at the outside.

Putin has responded most alarmingly by announcing the mobilization of his nuclear capability, threatening to liquidate Ukrainians and/or his Western enemies. We can only assume that won’t happen because if it does, including Putin we are all dead anyway. Instead, escalation to world war levels should be more seriously considered as being financial and economic in nature. Last weekend we saw the first financial salvos being fired by the West: sanctions against prominent Russians, withdrawal of SWIFT access for Russian banks, and cutting off Russia’s central bank from access to its currency reserves.

The risk, which is barely understood even by central bankers let alone the politicians, is that Russia has the power to reverse the flows that keep the West’s currency Ponzi alive. In this article, we look at the situation on the ground, estimate how the financial war is likely to evolve, and how the fifty-one-year fiat Ponzi we are complacently accustomed to is likely to finally collapse.

          Mr. Macleod points out that the sanctions being imposed on Russia have not been thoroughly considered and will probably serve to continue the devaluation of the US Dollar.

It appears that SWIFT payments and currency transfers from the Russian Central Bank’s accounts with other central banks will be permitted only for oil and gas payments. The message to Putin is “we are going to do all we can to make your life impossible, but we expect you to continue to supply us with oil and gas”. This only makes sense if the financial sanctions being put in place rapidly bring Russia to its knees, making Putin desperate for the revenue from energy exports.

What is not clear is how Russia can spend the dollars and euros earned from energy exports if payments for imported goods and services are prohibited. If that is really the case, then foreign currency is valueless in Russian hands. The thinking behind these sanctions does not, therefore, make sense. But in practice, SWIFT does not really matter, because there are alternative means of settlement communications between banks. What matters more is guidance for Western banks from their regulators, forcing them not to accept payments from Russian sources. And that is also bound to threaten oil and gas-related transfers. “If in doubt, chuck it out…”

Furthermore, it isn’t clear why Russia needs more dollars and euros anyway. Western leaders and the financial media merely assume that the Russian kleptocracy relies on foreign currencies. This is not true. The Russian economy is reasonably healthy and stable. Income tax is a flat 13%, business regulation is light, public-sector debt is less than 20% of GDP, and the banking system is considerably healthier overall than that of its neighbors. Libertarians in the West can only dream of these conditions. The loss of all oil and gas revenue is about the only thing which would hurt Russia, but that has been exempted in the sanctions. Anyway, depending on the exchange rate, Russia’s break-even oil price is said to be below $45, less than half the current level. Or put another way, Russia can more than halve its total oil exports at current prices and still get by. The margins on natural gas are probably similar.

          SWIFT is an acronym for Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications.  It is a messaging system that banks use to securely send and receive information like money transfer instructions.  Russia has been cut off from the SWIFT system with the exception of payments for gas and oil.  The question that Mr. Macleod raises is an important one – how does it benefit Russia to export oil and gas and take Dollars and Euros as payment if they can’t spend the Dollars and Euros?

          Russia will likely respond to the sanctions in a way that will be unfavorable to consumers in the west.  It will likely accelerate inflation which is already causing pain.  One more excerpt from Mr. Macleod’s piece:

In any event, Russia still has China as a major market for its energy and commodities. By switching extra supplies to China, China would simply cut back on its imports from the rest of the world. Admittedly, the pipeline network to China cannot handle oil and gas volumes on the European scale, but any revenue shortfall can be made up to a degree by additional sales of other commodities.

Therefore, while obviously painful, the sanctions against Russia are unlikely to undermine its entire economy. But Russia’s response might.

Putin will have calculated that with continuing commodity sales to China and other Asian states within the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (which represents roughly half the world’s population) that they can squeeze Europe on energy supplies for as long as it takes. European nations will have found their economies are in a vice-like grip that threatens to get even tighter. Pepe Escobar’s tweet above refers.

But as Escobar suggests, even if that is not enough, being cut off from spending or selling euros for goods and settling through SWIFT, Russia would be reasonable to request payment in gold because there would be no point in accumulating valueless Western fiat currencies. The Central bank of Russia could then exchange some of the gold for roubles to supply the economy’s need for currency as necessary without undermining its purchasing power, adding the balance to its gold reserves. This would be edging towards a de facto gold standard, which could have the merit of stabilizing the rouble and putting it beyond the reach of foreign attacks. Russia’s gold strategy and its consequences are discussed more fully below.

          Ironically, the Russian sanctions may move the world closer to a gold standard.  China and India, two major trading partners of Russia, have noteworthy gold holdings.

          Looking at the recent performance of precious metals, it seems that much of the world may understand this.

If you or someone you know could benefit from our educational materials, please have them visit our website at www.RetirementLifestyleAdvocates.com.  Our webinars, podcasts, and newsletters can be found there.

My Thoughts on Stocks as We Begin a New Year

Last week, stocks touched their all-time high levels from November completing a “Santa” rally.  At this point, it remains to be seen what this means.  Since my long-term stock trend-following indicators are negative, I’d have to bet on a double top, which is a bearish pattern, but time will tell.

January is typically an important month in the markets.  Stock performance in January often accurately forecasts stock performance for the year.  I will continue to monitor and comment.

On the topic of stocks, commentator Harris Kupperman compared some stocks in the current market to a Ponzi scheme.  There are many publicly traded companies that have never made a profit that continue to exist via capital raises from investors.  Obviously, you don’t need to be a seasoned, savvy market analyst to realize this is a game that is only temporary.

As someone who has been around markets and analyzed them for a while, what we are presently seeing in markets is eerily reminiscent of market behavior and stock valuations as the tech stock bubble of about 20 years ago peaked.  Except this time around, the collective behavior of market participants is even more erratic and more irrational.

I think back 20 years to a company called pets.com.  The company was in the business of selling pet supplies online.  The company launched its business with a Super Bowl commercial featuring a white sock puppet.

Pets.com raised $82.5 million in an initial public offering, selling its stock for $11 per share.  Nine months later, having never turned a profit, the company declared bankruptcy, as its share price, plummeted to 11 cents.

As Yogi Berra famously proclaimed, it’s déjà vu all over again.

Here is a bit of what Mr. Kupperman had to say on the topic last week (Source:  https://wolfstreet.com/2021/12/26/the-problem-with-ponzis/)

Over the past few years, I’ve been highly critical of the Ponzi Sector. This is a whole grouping of companies that has no ability or desire to ever become profitable. Instead, these businesses have focused on rapid revenue growth because the stock market has rewarded them for this growth—especially if there are no profits. In reality, stock promotion is the core business of the Ponzi Sector—it allows the companies to raise capital and fund unprofitable growth, while insiders dump stock at insane valuations. Now, as the Ponzi Sector equities go into free-fall, a problem has emerged.

Let’s look at Peloton, the overpriced clothes rack with a built-in iPad. We just witnessed the best possible 6-quarter environment that the company will ever experience. The whole world was locked down, gyms were closed, and work was canceled. People literally sat at home, bored out of their wits, armed with massive government stimulus checks, fixated on buying products. Despite every possible tailwind, Peloton lost $189 million in the year ended June 2021. As the stimmies wore off, losses exploded to $376 million in the most recent quarter. If this business cannot make money in this perfect environment, what is the operating environment where it earns money?

Investors will say that the goal at Peloton is to lose money on the hardware and make it back on the subscription product. Sure, I can see how investors may fixate on the growing subscription business, but this is a fad fitness business, churn will be high and accelerating now that gyms have re-opened. The expected monthly annuity will underperform, and marketing will always be necessary to bring in more customers.

If you cut SG&A and marketing to a level where the annuity business revenue stays constant, this thing probably still loses globs of money or at best ekes out a small profit. Could you put this into run-off and harvest some residual value from the current membership base? Of course, you can, but that residual value is a tiny fraction of the current valuation. Instead, management is fixated on continuing the Ponzi Sector model of subsidizing consumers to grow revenue.

Unfortunately, the market psychology is changing and the whole Ponzi Sector is melting down—just look at the ARK Innovation ETF [ARKK], which is a well-curated basket of the largest listed Ponzi Schemes. As inflation accelerates, the market is losing patience with unprofitable growth that never seems to inflect.

          The ARK Innovation ETF contains many technology and innovation stocks that have negative earnings.  Two examples are Teladoc and Zillow.

We’ve gone over this in the past, but it’s worth a refresher here. Ponzi Schemes are inherently unstable. They’re either inflating or detonating. They cannot exist in a state of equilibrium. Once past the peak, they tend to unravel rapidly, as many participants know it’s a Ponzi Scheme and dump when the shares stop rising. The collapse is then accelerated by corporate action.

When a Ponzi is appreciating, stock option exercises can fund the business. Once below the exercise price, there are no cash inflows from options. Instead, you need to issue equity to fund the business. Except, there’s a shrinking pool of investors who will buy into financing at a value-destructive company.

You see, investors want to believe that there won’t be another financing in a few quarters. They’ll want spending to be reined in. They’ll want a path to profitability.

Except, when you cut spending, growth collapses, yet the business will still be nowhere near profitable. When it was growing fast, it was easy to claim you were the next Amazon and profits don’t matter. When you’re not growing, or even shrinking, what exactly is your justification for losing money? It’s a typical death-spiral conundrum. Burn capital to show profitless growth, or cut spending and show smaller losses while the business shrinks.

Returning to Peloton, I get that there’s a loyal customer base and I’m absolutely convinced that there’s a residual business here on the subscription side. However, it’s likely to be a few hundred million of shrinking annual cash flow per year. Put a mid-single-digit multiple on that and what do you have? Exactly!! The stock could drop 90% and still be overvalued.

As a result, no one wants them to shrink towards profitability. Instead, investors are demanding that Peloton use the proceeds of down-round financings to incinerate capital, trying to outgrow the problem. Except, they likely cannot outgrow the problem as everyone who wanted a Peloton has one by now. Spending on growth will have diminishing returns. Yet, what choice do they have, besides losing more per unit and hoping to make it up in volume?

I remember seeing a similar problem in 2000 and into 2002 as internet companies tried to continue their prior growth, buying banner ads, convinced that if they could just show revenue growth, eventually the shares would recover, allowing them to issue more shares and fund more unprofitable revenue. As investors grew tired of this, the down rounds were more drastic, until the companies ran out of suckers and the businesses were wound up.

The same will happen to everyone in the Ponzi Sector. First, they’ll try and out-grow the problem by throwing equity capital at it, then they’ll resort to cost cuts, which will send revenue growth negative, which will make it even harder to raise capital and fund losses. Once investor psychology changes and no longer rewards profitless market share growth, the feedback loop only accelerates the problems for these companies.

The most recent capital raise by Peloton at $46, is indicative of how painful this will be. The shares are now at $39 and everyone who bought at $46 is underwater. Do you think they’ll step up as aggressively for the next down-round?

What if the whole Ponzi Sector is doing down-rounds at the same time? Will there be enough suckers to fund all of these Ponzis? They’ll all need someone to cough up more capital in a few quarters.

Now, I’m not saying Peloton has done anything illegal or immoral. I singled it out because it doesn’t seem to fit the model in most people’s minds of a Ponzi, yet it is. Many of the most successful Ponzi Sector stalwarts have been well-loved consumer products, led by people who genuinely believe they’re improving the world. Investors rewarded them for growing fast, so they did. Now, patience is running thin. Especially when investors are losing money on multiple Ponzi Sector investments simultaneously. Logic says that Peloton cannot grow into profits, it needs to shrink its way there, but that’s going to be a nasty and highly dilutive journey.

            At the outset of this week’s “Portfolio Watch”, I compared the current stock market conditions to the stock market conditions that existed 20 years ago at the time of the tech stock bubble.

          Longer-term readers of this publication know that I often use Warren Buffet’s favorite stock market valuation measure when looking at stock valuations.  It’s the market capitalization to gross domestic product ratio which takes the value of all stocks and divides it by economic output.

          The chart below uses the Wilshire 5000, a broad stock market index in the analysis.  Notice from the chart that in 2000, at the tech stock bubble peak that we have been discussing the market cap to GDP was about 150%.

          That simply meant that the total value of stocks was about 150% of the total economic output.

          At the time, that level of stock valuation was a historic high given that the average valuation of stocks over time had been about 65% of the total economic output.

          Fast forward to the present.  Stock valuations are now more than 200% of economic output or about three times the long-term historic average.

          While there may be some additional upside in stocks, for many investors the downside risk far outweighs the reward potential.

If you or someone you know could benefit from our educational materials, please have them visit our website at www.RetirementLifestyleAdvocates.com.  Our webinars, podcasts, and newsletters can be found there.