Monetary Realities

Stocks, for the most part, finished the week higher after a big rally day on Friday.  By my measure, bonds remain in a bear market.

          As a reminder, there is the last opportunity to request the February Special Report titled, “Stock Update:  Is the Crash Upon Us?”.  Visit www.RequestYourReport.com to request the report for yourself or someone else.

          With the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Federal Reserve may now slow the taper.  As noted in an article this past week by Lance Roberts, it would not be the first time the Fed used geopolitical risk to reverse or soften monetary policy.

          Setting the news of the invasion aside for a moment, the Fed’s taper talk wasn’t going to do much to quell inflation anyway with the most aggressive Federal Reserve Board members calling for a 1% rate hike by July 1.

          As I’ve discussed, it’s my view that inflation cannot be contained unless real interest rates turn positive and we are a long way from that.

          In his article (Source:  https://realinvestmentadvice.com/geopolitical-risk-could-sideline-the-fed/), Mr. Roberts quotes “The Wall Street Journal” from 2016:

“Weak global demand and geopolitical risks also argue for going slow, Mr. Powell said, as well as a lower long-run neutral federal-funds rate and the “apparently elevated sensitivity to financial conditions to monetary policy.” – WSJ, May 2016

          Mr. Roberts then points out what the Fed did in 2018, reversing its monetary tightening policy as markets reacted unfavorably.

In 2018, the Fed was hiking rates and tapering their balance sheet. Then, with the market under duress, rising geopolitical risks with China began to soften the Fed’s more hawkish stance. Not long after, the Fed started cutting rates and bailed out hedge funds through an “unofficial QE” program. That was all before the 2020 “pandemic-shutdown” bailout of everything.

          While the consensus after the Fed’s emergency meeting on February 14 was that the Fed would raise interest rates at the March meeting, I was skeptical, and remain so.  Now with geopolitical tensions rising, it seems less likely that the Fed will take the modest action regarding interest rates it was contemplating.

          San Francisco Federal Reserve Bank President, Mary Daly is already suggesting that the Fed needs to take a softer approach moving ahead.

          As Mr. Roberts points out in his article, geopolitical risks are not the only issue that the Fed faces.

While the Fed suggests it will hike rates at its March meeting to combat current inflation, they face several challenges from falling consumer confidence, weak markets, and very bearish investor confidence.

          Financial markets are jittery, to say the least, the broad stock market using most any valuation measure remains extremely overvalued and investors are now more bearish than at any time since 2016.

          This chart illustrates the level of bullishness among investors.  Notice from the chart that investors haven’t been this bearish since 2016.

                 

           Mr. Roberts also points out that consumer confidence is lagging.  That’s a meaningful indicator since the US economy is 70% dependent on consumer spending.  Falling consumer confidence is simply bad for the economy.  This from Mr. Robert’s piece:

In the U.S., consumers drive 70% of economic growth. Such is why “price stability” is so crucial to the Fed.

To understand why confidence is so vital, we need to revisit what Ben Bernanke said in 2010 as he launched the second round of QE:

“Easier financial conditions will promote economic growth. For example, lower mortgage rates will make housing more affordable and allow more homeowners to refinance. Lower corporate bond rates will encourage investment. And higher stock prices will boost consumer wealth and help increase confidence, which can also spur spending.”

The problem is the economy is no longer a “productive” one but rather a “financial” one. A point made by Ellen Brown previously:

“The financialized economy – including stocks, corporate bonds, and real estate – is now booming. Meanwhile, the bulk of the population struggles to meet daily expenses. The world’s 500 richest people got $12 trillion richer in 2019, while 45% of Americans have no savings, and nearly 70% could not come up with $1,000 in an emergency without borrowing.

Central bank policies intended to boost the real economy have had the effect only of boosting the financial economy. The policies’ stated purpose is to increase spending by increasing lending by banks, which are supposed to be the vehicles for liquidity to flow from the financial to the real economy. But this transmission mechanism isn’t working, because consumers are tapped out.”

If consumption retrenches, so does the economy.

The problem for the Fed is that consumer confidence is already declining, tightening monetary policy will exacerbate the decline.

          Ellen Brown, a past guest on my radio program, has it right.  Fed policy has widened the wealth gap; the wealthy have become wealthier while low-income earners have struggled more.

          Mr. Roberts published a chart in his article illustrating consumer confidence.

          Notice that the chart makes Ms. Brown’s point perfectly.  Consumer confidence has fallen while stocks have rallied.

          It’s interesting when looking at the chart that consumer confidence is now lagging almost to the level at the height of the lockdowns.

          That’s not a good sign for the Fed.

          In my view, the Fed is trapped.  The Fed has two choices, continue to create currency and keep interest rates low and risk a hyperinflationary outcome.  Or tighten and risk recession, or worse.

          As I have discussed in “Portfolio Watch”, in the monthly “You May Not Know Report”, and during the weekly “Headline Roundup” webinars, it is my view that where we are headed economically is extremely predictable.  We will have inflation followed by deflation.

          Stated another way, we will have inflation followed by recession.

          As I have also asserted, the ‘what’ is far easier to predict than the ‘when’.  That’s why I suggest the Revenue Sourcing™ approach to managing retirement assets.

          If you are not participating in the weekly “Headline Roundup” webinars, they happen live each Monday at Noon Eastern time.  Feel free to give the office a call at 1-866-921-3613 to get an e-mail link to the weekly broadcast.

If you or someone you know could benefit from our educational materials, please have them visit our website at www.RetirementLifestyleAdvocates.com.  Our webinars, podcasts, and newsletters can be found there.

Bubbles Everywhere

          On the RLA Radio program this week, I interviewed the Head of Global Research for Elliott Wave International, Mr. Murray Gunn.  I’d encourage you to listen to the entire interview on the RLA App or at www.RetirementLifestyleAdvocates.com.

          The topics that Murray and I discussed were wide-ranging but there was one underlying common denominator to our conversation – debt.

          Globally, both in the public sector and the private sector debt levels are literally at nosebleed levels.

          Long-term readers of “Portfolio Watch” know that since currency is debt rather than an asset (which has been the case since 1971) when debt levels are so high that they cannot be paid, currency disappears from the financial system.

          That’s known as deflation which results in assets like stocks and real estate being reset.

          There is no shortage of debt.  In this issue of “Portfolio Watch”, we’ll examine several areas in which debt has become totally unsustainable.

          The first area that we’ll examine is margin debt.  Margin debt is debt that is taken on by a borrower using a securities portfolio (usually a stock portfolio) as collateral.  The loan proceeds are then used to buy more securities (usually stock).  Margin loan requirements mandate that a borrower using margin debt to buy securities maintain 50% equity in his or her brokerage account.

          Lance Roberts of “Real Investment Advice” wrote a piece last week that commented on margin debt levels.  (Source:  https://realinvestmentadvice.com/bulls-buy-the-dip-but-is-the-risk-really-over-07-23-21/):

Economist Hyman Minsky argued that during long periods of bullish speculation, the excesses generated by reckless, speculative activity eventually lead to a crisis. Of course, the longer the speculation occurs, the more severe the crisis will be.

Minsky argued there is an inherent instability in financial markets. He postulated that abnormally long bullish cycles would spur an asymmetric rise in market speculation. That speculation would eventually result in market instability and collapse. Thus, a “Minsky Moment” crisis follows a prolonged period of bullish speculation, which is also associated with high amounts of debt taken on by both retail and institutional investors.

One way to view “leverage” is through “margin debt,” and in particular, the level of “free cash” investors have to deploy. In periods of “high speculation,” investors are likely to take on excess leverage (borrow money) to invest, which leaves them with “negative” cash balances.

While “margin debt” provides the fuel to support the bullish speculation, it is also the accelerant for the reversal when it occurs. Periods of low volatility, and steadily rising prices, lead to market complacency. As noted, the last period where we saw similar levels of low volatility was 2017.

Of course, that low-volatility period in 2017 didn’t last long. The “Minsky Moment” arrived in 2018 and lasted through 2020 as price swings punctuated the markets. While this current low-volatility regime can certainly last a while longer, it is likely naive to believe the next “Minsky Moment” will be any less punishing than the last.

          Debt-fueled price bubbles are never sustainable.  This price bubble in stocks (in my opinion) has been fueled by record levels of margin debt.  Notice that margin debt levels presently are about triple what they were prior to the dot.com bubble imploding.

          Mortgage debt is up significantly as well.  Over the past five years, according to Statista (Source:  https://www.statista.com/statistics/274636/combined-sum-of-all-holders-of-mortgage-debt-outstanding-in-the-us/), mortgage debt has increased by $3 trillion dwarfing the level of margin debt tied to stocks.

          Not surprisingly, mortgage debt has increased due to artificially low-interest rates.  This massive increase in the level of mortgage debt has fueled sky-rocketing home prices. 

          Notice that the Case-Shiller Housing Index, the most commonly used measure of home prices now stands about 30% higher than prior to the real estate market collapse at the time of the financial crisis.

          This is another example of a debt-fueled bubble in my view.

          It’s common knowledge that the Fed has been using newly-created currency to purchase mortgage-backed securities.  That’s been a primary driving force behind the rapid rise in real estate prices in my opinion.

          But, the Fed has also been buying US Treasuries from member banks using newly created currency to do so.  Notice from this chart of an Exchange Traded Fund that has the investment objective of tracking the US Treasury long bond that bond prices have been steadily rising overall since the time of the financial crisis.

Another example of a debt-fueled bubble is the cost of attendance at a college or university.  Notice that as student loan debt has climbed to more than $1.7 trillion the cost of attending a college or university has also risen almost lockstep with total student loan debt.

          These are just a few examples of debt-fueled bubbles that exist, there are more.

          My point is this.  The currency creation that is presently taking place is only postponing the reset.

          Currency creation doesn’t make the debt go away, it actually allows for more debt to be added to the system, making the ultimate bust worse than it otherwise would be.  When inflation stops, deflation will be there to take its place.

          Are you ready?

If you or someone you know could benefit from our educational materials, please have them visit our website at www.RetirementLifestyleAdvocates.com.  Our webinars, podcasts, and newsletters can be found there.